Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease Table 1–3.

Table 1–3. Expert recommendations for cardiovascular prevention methods:
US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF).

Prevention   -    Method Recommendation

Screening for abdominal aortic                                                                                                                
aneurysm - Recommends one-time screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by ultrasonography in men aged 65 to 75 who have ever smoked. (B) No recommendation for or against screening for AAA in men aged 65 to 75 who have never smoked. (C) Recommends against routine screening for AAA in women. (D) 

Aspirin use - Recommends the use of aspirin for men age 45 to 79 years when the potential benefit due to a reduction in myocardial infarctions outweighs the potential harm due to an increase ingastrointestinal hemorrhage. (A)
Recommends the use of aspirin for women age 55 to 79 years when the potential benefit of a reduction in ischemic strokes outweighs the potential harm of an increase in gastrointestinal hemorrhage. (A)
Current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention in men and women 80 years or older. (I)
Recommends against the use of aspirin for stroke prevention in women younger than 55 years and for myocardial infarction prevention in men younger than 45. (D)

Blood pressure screening - Recommends screening for high blood pressure in adults aged 18 and older. (A)

Serum lipid screening - Strongly recommends screening men aged 35 and older for lipid disorders. (A)
Recommends screening men aged 20 to 35 for lipid disorders if they are at increased risk for coronary heart disease. (B)
Strongly recommends screening women aged 45 and older for lipid disorders if they are at increased risk for coronary heart disease. (A)
Recommends screening women aged 20 to 45 for lipid disorders if they are at increased risk for coronary heart disease. (B)
No recommendation for or against routine screening for lipid disorders in men aged 20 to 35, or in women aged 20 and older who are not at increased risk for coronary heart disease. (C)

Screening for diabetes mellitus - Recommends screening for type 2 diabetes mellitus in asymptomatic adults with sustained blood pressure (either treated or untreated) > 135/80 mm Hg. (B)
Current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening for type 2 diabetes in asymptomatic adults with blood pressure of 135/80 mm Hg or lower. (I)

Counseling to promote physical activity - Evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against behavioral counseling in primary care settings to promote physical activity. (I)

Screening for smoking and counseling to promote cessation - Recommends that clinicians ask all adults about tobacco use and provide tobacco cessation interventions for those who use tobacco products. (A)